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and modernisation of educational methodologies can be observed in Croatia. That is also where
cases of implementation of metacognitive strategies can be observed.

Among others, the inclusion of multisensory approach to learning processes and building
metalinguistic awareness among learners are used to support learners of English as a foreign
language in overcoming their learning difficulties. A simple method for implementation of the
multisensory approach to support learning processes is the use of flashcards to learn or revise
vocabulary. However, the learner needs to be instructed how to properly use the flashcards to take
a full advantage of the multisensory approach. The flashcards allow learner to see the word, then
say the words out loud and practice its spelling by tracing the spelling on the card or on the table,
tablet or screen. Application of the method proven to be successful in supporting low-skilled

learners, including those with learning challenges, as dyslexia. It proven to make a positive change
in the ability of learners to improve their language capacities within non-formal education in
comparison to traditional learning approaches (based on memorising word lists) . But that should
be supported by developing the learner metalinguistic awareness related to thinking about the
patterns and language rules and controlling their learning, which can be stimulated by educators
through thought-provoking questions, highlighting repetitive patterns, or establishing learning logs
that help follow learning strategies suggested by the educator and adjust them to individual learning
style of the person based on self-evaluation and guidance of the educator, when the learning moves
into self-learning process, including the opportunity for digital learning.

Why is relevant for adult educators and adult education centers? 54

Why this case study is a success / best practice?

Inclusion of multisensory approach that integrates the simultaneous use of all sensory channels –
visual, auditory, kinaesthetic, and tactile can be integrated in many learning domains and can be
done in a simple way as the use of flashcards for support of learning process and self-evaluation. By
combining it with proper instructions and digital tools educators can easily respond to the needs of
low-skilled adults for more engaging and effective learning and distinguish the process from the
typical school experience which negative association is a common reason for resistance to
engagement in education as adults. However, with the transition to self-directed learning ensuring
the readiness and tools related to metacognitive awareness related to critical thinking about the

learning process (i.e. learning logs, thinking questions etc.) which will help track progress, but also
identify needs for adjustments of the strategies to individual needs are relevant and proved to be
efficient among low skilled adults, including those with learning challenges.

5.27 ICELAND

Start with personal contact

In Iceland the need for life-long learning is in general well recognised and by some considered “the
adult obligation”, but there is a significant level of non-participants with lower formal education.